London:
WikiLeaks supporters struck back on Wednesday at perceived enemies of the site and its jailed founder Julian Assange, launching hack attacks against Mastercard, Swedish prosecutors, a Swedish defense lawyer and a Swiss group that froze Assange's bank account.
Internet 'hacktivists' operating under the label "Operation Payback" claimed responsibility in a Twitter message for causing technological problems at MasterCard, which pulled the plug on its relationship with WikiLeaks on Tuesday.
MasterCard said it was "experiencing heavy traffic," but spokesman James Issokson said the company would not confirm whether WikiLeaks was involved. Issokson said MasterCard was trying to restore service Wednesday but was not sure how long that would take. The website's technical problems have no impact on consumers using credit cards for secure transactions, he added.
MasterCard is the latest in a string of US-based Internet companies - including Visa, Amazon.com, PayPal Inc. and EveryDNS - to cut ties to WikiLeaks in recent days amid intense US government pressure.
The online attacks are part of a wave of support for WikiLeaks that is sweeping the Internet. Twitter was choked with messages of solidarity Wednesday for the group, while the site's Facebook page hit 1 million fans.
Offline, the organization is under pressure on many fronts. Assange, who turned himself in to London police on Tuesday, is now in a British prison fighting extradition to Sweden over a sex crimes case. Moves by Swiss Postfinance, MasterCard, PayPal and others, meanwhile, have impaired the secret-spilling group's ability to raise money.
The pro-WikiLeaks vengeance campaign appeared to be taking the form of denial of service attacks in which computers across the Internet are harnessed - sometimes surreptitiously - to jam target sites with mountains of requests for data, knocking them out of commission.
PayPal's vice president of platform, Osama Bedier, said the company froze WikiLeaks' account after receiving a letter from the U.S. State Department "saying that the WikiLeaks activities were deemed illegal in the United States."
"It's honestly just pretty straightforward from our perspective," he said, speaking at a web conference in Paris. A video of his comments was posted Wednesday on the TechCrunch website.
Neither WikiLeaks nor Assange has been charged with any offense in the US, but the government is investigating whether Assange can be prosecuted for espionage or other offenses.
Per Hellqvist, a security specialist with the firm Symantec, said a loose network of web activists called Anonymous appeared to be behind many of the attacks. The group, which has previously focused on the Church of Scientology and the music industry, has promised to come to Assange's aid by knocking offline websites seen as hostile to WikiLeaks.
"While we don't have much of an affiliation with WikiLeaks, we fight for the same reasons," the group said in a statement on its website. "We want transparency and we counter censorship... This is why we intend to utilize our resources to raise awareness, attack those against and support those who are helping lead our world to freedom and democracy."
The website for Swedish lawyer Claes Borgstrom, who represents the two women at the centre of Assange's sex crimes case, was unreachable Wednesday.
The Swiss postal system's financial arm, Postfinance, which shut down Assange's new bank account on Monday, was also having trouble. Spokesman Alex Josty said the website buckled under a barrage of traffic Tuesday but the onslaught seems to have eased off.
"Yesterday it was very, very difficult, then things improved overnight," he said. "But it's still not entirely back to normal."
Ironically, microblogging site Twitter - home of much WikiLeaks support - could become the next target. Operation Payback posted an online statement claiming "Twitter you're next for censoring Wikileaks discussion."
Some WikiLeaks supporters accuse Twitter of preventing the term "WikiLeaks" from appearing as one of its popular "trending topics." Twitter denies censorship, saying the topics are determined by an algorithm.
Meanhwhile, the French government's effort to stop a company there from hosting WikiLeaks has failed - at least for now.
The Web services company OVH, which says a client has rented an OVH server that now hosts the wikileaks.ch website, sought a ruling by two courts about the legality of hosting WikiLeaks in France. The judges said they couldn't decide on the highly technical case right away.
WikiLeaks angered the US government earlier this year when it posted a war video taken by Army helicopters showing troops gunning down two unarmed Reuters journalists. Since then, the organization has leaked some 400,000 classified US war files from Iraq and 76,000 from Afghanistan that US military officials say included names of US informants and other information that could put people's lives at risk.
The latest leaks involve private US diplomatic cables that included frank US assessments of foreign nations and their leaders.
Those cables have had serious repercussions for the United States, embarrassing allies, angering rivals, and reopening old wounds across the world. State and Defense department officials say foreign powers have been pulling back from their dealings with the US government since the documents hit the Internet.
Although US officials have directed their ire at Assange, even American allies have begun to ask whether Washington shares some of the blame.
"The core of all this lies with the failure of the government of the United States to properly protect its own diplomatic communications," Australian Foreign Minister Kevin Rudd said Wednesday.
"To have several million people on their distribution list for a quarter of a million cables - that's where the problem lies," Rudd added.
The latest batch of cables released Wednesday showed that the British government feared a furious Libyan reaction if the convicted Lockerbie bomber wasn't set free and expressed relief when they learned that he would be released in 2009 on compassionate grounds.
Meanwhile, Assange faces a new extradition hearing in London next week, in which his lawyers say they will reapply for bail. The 39-year-old Australian denies two women's allegations of sexual misconduct, which includes rape, molestation and unlawful coercion. He has not been charged with any crime in Sweden and is fighting his extradition there.
In a Twitter message Wednesday, WikiLeaks spokesman Kristinn Hrafnsson shrugged off all the challenges and noted that the site is mirrored in over 500 locations by supporters.
"The latest batch of cables were released and our media partners released their next batch of stories," Hrafnsson said. "We will not be gagged, either by judicial action or corporate censorship ... WikiLeaks is still online."