Muhammad faces four counts of murder and two counts of attempted murder, authorities said.
A 39-year-old man went on a shooting spree in the central California town of Fresno on Tuesday, killing three people and injuring another before being arrested, authorities said.
The suspect, an African-American man named Kori Ali Muhammad, is believed to have shot a security guard last week outside a motel in the city. The guard died in hospital.
Fresno police chief Jerry Dyer told reporters that Muhammad shouted "Allahu Akbar" as he was being taken into custody.
Lieutenant Mark Hudson, a police spokesman, told AFP the FBI had been contacted about the killings and it was too early to say whether they were terror-related.
A spokeswoman for the FBI declined comment, referring media inquiries to local police.
Hudson said Muhammad had also indicated as he was being arrested that he hated white people and the government.
He said Tuesday's shootings, which took place at around 10:45 am at four different locations in the downtown area of the city, were unprovoked and that up to 16 rounds were fired during the brief rampage.
Muhammad faces four counts of murder and two counts of attempted murder, authorities said.
Hudson said the weapon used in the killings had not been recovered.
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