Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi researchers have used AI-enhanced Operation Research (OR) tools for waste water management. The AI-enhanced tools seeks to select wastewater management methods to meet the socio-economic needs specific to places and environments.
The findings of the research have been published in the Journal of Cleaner Production. The paper was authored by Dr Atul Dhar, Associate Professor, School of Engineering and Dr Satvasheel Powar, Assistant Professor, School of Engineering, IIT Mandi, along with their research scholar Shubham Dutt Attri and Shweta Singh.
Explaining the research, Satvasheel Powar, IIT Mandi, said: “While the choice of water treatment methods for a particular society was based on human intuition in the past, such an approach is no longer valid given the magnitude of the activity, the range of techniques available, the complexity of socio-economic fabric of today's society, and several conflicting criteria that must be considered.”
The researcher derived inspiration from the concept of “Appropriate Technology (AT)”, a term introduced by British economist EF Schumacher, that posits that any choice must be consistent with the cultural, social, economic, and political institutions of the society. “To choose the AT for waste water management, researchers employed tools that combine Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Operations Research (OR) concepts to help with the decision-making process,” the institute said.
Satvasheel Powar further explained: “We have used a set of methods called Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), that combines alternative decisions with quantitative and qualitative results in compact solutions.” The team has used MSDM methods equipped with AI features of fuzzy logic to handle the uncertainties and “vagaries” of the decision-making process.
Speaking about their research, Atul Dhar, IIT Mandi, said, “Given a specific set of sustainability criteria and their significance, Biopipe, MBR and SBR were ranked as most sustainable options by MOORA and TOPSIS, which was validated by data analysis. Our research showed that SWARA-MOORA methodology is reliable and straightforward, and fuzzification further improves the stability of the results.”
While the study was conducted to select the most environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technology, it can also be applied to any multi-criteria selection problem that could be as minor as deciding on a consumer product to large scale decisions such as investments and socio-cultural policies. This combination of techniques is also useful from a policy standpoint, as it incorporates input from both technology and people, and considers sentiments when making decisions, IIT Mandi informed.
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