Photo courtesy: bksiyengar.com
BKS Iyengar, the Indian yoga guru credited with helping to fuel a global explosion in the popularity of the ancient spiritual practice, died on Wednesday in a hospital in Pune after suffering kidney failure. He was 95.
Iyengar started his yoga school in 1973 in the western city of Pune, developing a unique form of the practice that he said anyone could follow.
He trained hundreds of teachers to disseminate his approach, which uses props such as belts and ropes to help novice practitioners achieve the poses.
His insistence on perfecting the poses -- or asanas -- won him a huge following, among them celebrity fans ranging from the cricketer Sachin Tendulkar to the writer Aldous Huxley.
It was an encounter with the violinist Yehudi Menuhin, who came across Iyengar during a trip to Mumbai in the 1950s, that prompted his move to take his practice global.
"Perhaps no one has done more than Mr. Iyengar to bring yoga to the West," said the New York Times in a 2002 profile of the guru.
Critics say the global expansion of yoga into Western gyms and fitness centres has taken the practice too far from its spiritual origins.
But Iyengar said it was unfair to blame yogis. "It all depends on what state of mind the practitioner is in when he is doing yoga," he said last year in a newspaper interview. "For the aberration, don't blame yoga or the whole community of yogis."
Iyengar is survived by a son and a daughter.
His website today carried a picture of Iyengar's smiling face beside a message that read: "I always tell people, 'live happily and die majestically' 14-Dec 1918-20 Aug 2014."
Despite suffering a heart attack at 80, he had continued to practise yoga into his nineties.
He suffered from ill health as a child, but found that he could improved his strength by practising yoga, which he took up as a teenager.
When he was 18, his guru sent him to teach in Pune because he spoke some English. There, he developed his own form of yoga, eventually opening his own institute.
There are now over 100 Iyengar yoga institutes around the world.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, a yoga lover, tweeted that he was "deeply saddened" by the guru's death.
"Generations will remember Shri BKS Iyengar as a fine guru, scholar & a stalwart who brought yoga into the lives of many across the world," he said.