US President Donald Trump has been diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), the White House announced on Thursday. This clears the speculation over viral photos of Trump's swollen ankles and bruises on his hand.
In a media briefing, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt said Trump, 79, was found to be suffering from chronic venous insufficiency after the President underwent a check-up, noticing "mild swelling" in his ankles.
What is chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)?
Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition in which your veins have trouble sending blood from your limbs back to the heart. This insufficient flow of blood to the heart causes the blood to pool or collect in the veins in your legs.
"Normally, veins carry deoxygenated blood upward with the help of one-way valves that prevent blood from flowing backward. In CVI, these valves become weak or damaged, leading to poor blood circulation and causing blood to pool in the lower legs. This backward flow, known as venous reflux, results in increased pressure within the veins and can lead to visible and uncomfortable symptoms," said Dr. Manisha Arora, Director - Internal Medicine at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi.
Several factors can cause venous insufficiency, though it's commonly caused by blood clots (deep vein thrombosis) and varicose veins. Over time, CVI can cause pain, swelling, and skin changes.
What are the symptoms of CVI?
"Common symptoms of CVI include swelling in the feet and ankles, aching or heaviness in the legs, and visibly enlarged or twisted veins (varicose veins). As the condition progresses, patients may notice dark skin discoloration, especially around the ankles, skin thickening, and in some cases, painful open sores or ulcers.," Dr. Arora added.
Common symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency include:
- Swelling or heaviness in the legs and ankles
- Leg cramps
- Itchiness
- Varicose veins
- Leg ulcers
- Changes in skin colour of the legs and ankles
"These signs are often mistaken for normal aging issues, which can delay diagnosis. Fortunately, a simple, non-invasive test like a Doppler ultrasound can confirm CVI, allowing for timely treatment," the expert mentioned.
Who is at risk?
The risk for CVI goes up as you age, especially over age 50. "CVI is more common in older adults due to the natural wear and tear on vein walls and valves that comes with aging. Over time, these valves may lose their strength and elasticity, making it harder for them to keep blood flowing in the right direction. Other age-related factors like reduced mobility, higher chances of obesity, and longer periods of sitting or standing can further contribute to vein dysfunction. Genetics can also play a role, increasing the risk among seniors with a family history of vein disorders," Dr. Arora explained.
Other risk factors include:
- Gender: Women are at a higher risk of CVI and other vein problems.
- Obesity: Excess weight puts pressure on the veins.
- Pregnancy: When pregnant, the increased blood volume and pressure can strain the veins.
- Smoking habits: Smoking can trigger CVI by affecting blood flow and vein health.
- Sedentary lifestyle: Prolonged sitting can contribute to blood pooling in the veins of the legs and also affect the muscles' ability to pump blood.
Additionally, family history of CVI, DVT and blood clots can increase the risk.
Treatment for chronic venous insufficiency typically involves compression therapy, lifestyle changes and medication that help improve blood flow and reduce leg swelling.
Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.
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