The rationalisation of Goods and Services tax, done eight years after the flagship reforms were initiated, took place after a clear directive from Prime Minister Narendra Modi delivered from the ramparts of the Red Fort on Independence Day. It was not exactly unexpected for the GST Council and the finance ministry. Union finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman had said the Prime Minister "had been after us for eight months". The big hurdle was getting the states on board, especially the ones ruled by the Opposition - Mamata Banerjee's Bengal, Left-ruled Kerala, Aam Aadmi Party's Punjab and Congress's Karnataka.