Union IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw told NDTV that India's technology ecosystem has undergone a fundamental transformation over the last decade, making it possible for global tech leaders to emerge without leaving the country. Comparing today's environment with the early 1990s, Vaishnaw said India now boasts over 200,000 startups and one of the world's top three startup ecosystems. He highlighted the rise of deep-tech innovation, noting that 24 Indian startups are now designing semiconductor chips-one of the riskiest areas of entrepreneurship-signalling a growing appetite for innovation, risk-taking, and global ambition among young Indian technologists.