Mark Carney

Mark Carney was born on March 16, 1965, in the remote northern town of Fort Smith, in Canada's Northwest Territories. The son of a high school principal, Carney grew up in Canada and went on to study at Harvard University on a scholarship, where he also played ice hockey.

He later earned a master's and PhD in economics from the University of Oxford. His doctoral thesis focused on how domestic competition can boost a country's competitiveness - an issue now central to Canada's trade discussions.

Though he has worked in New York, London, and Tokyo, Carney has deep Canadian roots. Three of his four grandparents were from County Mayo, Ireland. He holds Irish and Canadian citizenship, and gained British citizenship in 2018. Recently, he announced plans to renounce his British and Irish citizenships, saying a Canadian Prime Minister should only hold Canadian citizenship.

Mark Carney worked at Goldman Sachs before and after his Oxford studies, eventually becoming a managing director. During his time there, he helped post-apartheid South Africa access global bond markets and advised Russia during its 1998 financial crisis.

Mark Carney returned to Canada in 2000 after working at Goldman Sachs. By 2003, he was appointed deputy governor of the Bank of Canada (BoC). After a brief stint at the Finance Department, where he introduced a tax policy on income trusts, he returned to the BoC and took over as governor in February 2008 - right before the global financial crisis hit.

Carney acted fast. He cut interest rates early to support lending and business confidence. In April 2009, he assured that rates would stay low for at least a year. This gave stability to markets, and as a result, Canada's economy and banks were less affected than other major countries. Canada was also among the first G7 nations to return to pre-crisis levels of jobs and growth.

He became chairman of the Committee on the Global Financial System and later led the Financial Stability Board, helping to shape global banking reforms after the crisis.

In 2012, the UK government appointed him governor of the Bank of England - the first time a non-British citizen was chosen for the role.

Carney's leadership was tested again during the 2016 Brexit vote. As markets panicked, he worked quickly to manage the economic fallout.

After stepping down as Governor of the Bank of England in 2020, Mark Carney shifted his focus to global climate and finance work. He was appointed as the UN Secretary-General's special envoy on climate action and finance and also served on several corporate boards. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Carney stayed close to Canadian affairs, advising former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau informally on economic matters.

In September 2024, he was brought in to lead the Liberal Party's economic task force ahead of the 2025 federal election.

The political shift came quickly. In December 2024, Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland resigned just before delivering a major economic statement, rattling an already shaky Liberal minority government. With Donald Trump newly re-elected in the US and economic uncertainty rising, Trudeau faced pressure to step aside. On January 6, he resigned as Liberal leader and Prime Minister, saying Canadians deserved a "real choice" in the upcoming election.

Though Carney had never held elected office, he was widely seen as a top contender to replace Trudeau. He officially entered the leadership race on January 16. The contest came down to him and Chrystia Freeland - an old friend, and the godmother of one of Carney's children.

Mark Carney met his wife, British economist Diana Fox, while studying at the University of Oxford. They married in July 1994. The couple has four daughters - Cleo, Tess, Amelia, and Sasha - and previously lived in Toronto and Ottawa before relocating to London in 2013 for Carney's role as Bank of England governor. They moved back to Ottawa in 2020 after his term ended.

Mark Carney won the leadership by a wide margin on March 9 and was sworn in as Canada's 24th Prime Minister on March 14. He now leads the Liberal Party into the April 28 election, hoping to secure a mandate from voters in a high-stakes contest.