The oldest cities in India have histories stretching back thousands of years, rooted in archaeological evidence and ancient texts
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Varanasi: Often called the oldest inhabited city in India, Varanasi (also Kashi) is mentioned in the Rigveda and other ancient texts
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Archaeological findings, like those at Rajghat, suggest settlements from around 1800 BCE, with urban development by 1000 BCE
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Madurai: Referenced in Tamil Sangam literature and by Greek historian Megasthenes, Madurai was a significant urban center by the 3rd century BCE
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Artifacts from the Pandya dynasty indicate trade and cultural activity as early as 500 BCE
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Patna: Established as a major city under the Maurya Empire, Patna's origins trace back to at least the 6th century BCE
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Excavations at Kumhrar reveal structures from the Magadha period, around 400 BCE
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Mathura, believed to be the birthplace of Lord Krishna, is a city rich in spiritual heritage. Its ancient roots date back to the 6th century BCE, making it a pilgrimage destination
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Ujjain: A key city in the Mahajanapada period, Ujjain was a political and cultural hub by the 6th century BCE
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Its prominence is noted in texts like the Mahabharata and for its role in ancient astronom